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Managers in Higher Education, by Gender and Race or Ethnicity, Fall 2013 and Fall 2016

Almanac 2018
August 19, 2018

About twice as many new managers were hired in the fall of 2016 compared with the fall of 2013, though the total number of managers in higher education increased only 5 percent during that period. More than 55 percent of all new hires for the fall of 2016 were female, and more than 56 percent of all managers in higher education were female. All racial and ethnic minority groups except American Indians made small gains in representation from 2013 to 2016, as the representation of non-Hispanic whites among managers dropped by two percentage points, from almost 80 percent to almost 78 percent. For comparison, only 57 percent of students enrolled in college in the fall of 2016 were white. Management had the highest percentage of racial and ethnic minorities in the two-year for-profit sector and the lowest percentage in the four-year private nonprofit sector, both for new hires and over all.

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About twice as many new managers were hired in the fall of 2016 compared with the fall of 2013, though the total number of managers in higher education increased only 5 percent during that period. More than 55 percent of all new hires for the fall of 2016 were female, and more than 56 percent of all managers in higher education were female. All racial and ethnic minority groups except American Indians made small gains in representation from 2013 to 2016, as the representation of non-Hispanic whites among managers dropped by two percentage points, from almost 80 percent to almost 78 percent. For comparison, only 57 percent of students enrolled in college in the fall of 2016 were white. Management had the highest percentage of racial and ethnic minorities in the two-year for-profit sector and the lowest percentage in the four-year private nonprofit sector, both for new hires and over all.


Return to the Almanac home page, or go to the Profession, Students, Finance, or States section. To purchase a copy of the Almanac in print or as a downloadable interactive PDF, visit the Chronicle Store. Help guide us to give you the data you need by taking our 10-minute online Almanac survey.


4-year public institutions

Group and yearTotalFemaleAmerican Indian or Alaska NativeAsianBlackHispanicNative Hawaiian or Pacific IslanderWhite2 or more racesNonresident aliensRace unknown
New managers, fall 2016 6,967 3,762 40 339 940 425 18 4,653 88 69 395
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 54.0% 0.6% 5.2% 14.5% 6.5% 0.3% 71.6% 1.4% 1.0% 5.7%
New managers, fall 2013 3,588 1,773 17 126 428 189 4 2,537 30 36 221
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 49.4% 0.5% 3.8% 12.8% 5.7% 0.1% 76.2% 0.9% 1.0% 6.2%
All managers, fall 2016 114,430 63,000 642 4,739 11,710 6,706 128 86,554 1,094 603 2,254
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 55.1% 0.6% 4.2% 10.5% 6.0% 0.1% 77.6% 1.0% 0.5% 2.0%
All managers, fall 2013 105,018 55,989 565 3,934 10,629 5,421 94 81,160 707 1,926 582
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 53.3% 0.6% 3.8% 10.4% 5.3% 0.1% 79.2% 0.7% 1.8% 0.6%

4-year private nonprofit institutions

Group and yearTotalFemaleAmerican Indian or Alaska NativeAsianBlackHispanicNative Hawaiian or Pacific IslanderWhite2 or more racesNonresident aliensRace unknown
New managers, fall 2016 8,153 4,581 19 409 968 424 16 5,675 113 52 477
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 56.2% 0.2% 5.4% 12.7% 5.6% 0.2% 74.4% 1.5% 0.6% 5.9%
New managers, fall 2013 3,700 2,016 7 164 399 170 6 2,706 38 26 184
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 54.5% 0.2% 4.7% 11.4% 4.9% 0.2% 77.5% 1.1% 0.7% 5.0%
All managers, fall 2016 97,364 54,740 271 4,096 8,349 5,022 141 75,599 956 393 2,537
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 56.2% 0.3% 4.3% 8.8% 5.3% 0.1% 80.1% 1.0% 0.4% 2.6%
All managers, fall 2013 95,210 52,909 305 3,386 7,796 4,281 127 76,208 700 457 1,950
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 55.6% 0.3% 3.6% 8.4% 4.6% 0.1% 82.1% 0.8% 0.5% 2.0%

4-year for-profit institutions

Group and yearTotalFemaleAmerican Indian or Alaska NativeAsianBlackHispanicNative Hawaiian or Pacific IslanderWhite2 or more racesNonresident aliensRace unknown
New managers, fall 2016 613 355 2 23 69 46 5 399 11 0 58
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 57.9% 0.4% 4.1% 12.4% 8.3% 0.9% 71.9% 2.0% 0.0% 9.5%
New managers, fall 2013 270 150 0 15 19 25 0 180 5 1 25
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 55.6% 0.0% 6.1% 7.8% 10.2% 0.0% 73.8% 2.0% 0.4% 9.3%
All managers, fall 2016 8,161 4,668 21 344 816 613 26 5,808 185 3 345
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 57.2% 0.3% 4.4% 10.4% 7.8% 0.3% 74.3% 2.4% 0.0% 4.2%
All managers, fall 2013 8,161 4,467 31 324 829 468 21 5,927 129 11 421
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 54.7% 0.4% 4.2% 10.7% 6.1% 0.3% 76.7% 1.7% 0.1% 5.2%

2-year public institutions

Group and yearTotalFemaleAmerican Indian or Alaska NativeAsianBlackHispanicNative Hawaiian or Pacific IslanderWhite2 or more racesNonresident aliensRace unknown
New managers, fall 2016 2,141 1,200 19 70 379 163 4 1,402 21 7 76
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 56.0% 0.9% 3.4% 18.4% 7.9% 0.2% 68.1% 1.0% 0.3% 3.5%
New managers, fall 2013 1,116 549 8 33 173 85 3 766 11 4 33
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 49.2% 0.7% 3.1% 16.0% 7.9% 0.3% 71.0% 1.0% 0.4% 3.0%
All managers, fall 2016 30,949 18,182 309 775 4,029 2,203 56 22,714 245 66 552
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 58.7% 1.0% 2.6% 13.3% 7.3% 0.2% 74.9% 0.8% 0.2% 1.8%
All managers, fall 2013 29,734 17,330 271 649 3,682 1,797 42 22,582 181 73 457
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 58.3% 0.9% 2.2% 12.6% 6.2% 0.1% 77.3% 0.6% 0.2% 1.5%

2-year private nonprofit institutions

Group and yearTotalFemaleAmerican Indian or Alaska NativeAsianBlackHispanicNative Hawaiian or Pacific IslanderWhite2 or more racesNonresident aliensRace unknown
New managers, fall 2016 142 64 3 8 23 16 0 87 0 0 5
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 45.1% 2.2% 5.8% 16.8% 11.7% 0.0% 63.5% 0.0% 0.0% 3.5%
New managers, fall 2013 46 24 1 1 6 3 0 29 0 1 5
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 52.2% 2.5% 2.5% 15.0% 7.5% 0.0% 72.5% 0.0% 2.2% 10.9%
All managers, fall 2016 865 479 18 19 92 56 1 623 8 1 47
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 55.4% 2.2% 2.3% 11.3% 6.9% 0.1% 76.3% 1.0% 0.1% 5.4%
All managers, fall 2013 830 476 26 7 90 50 0 613 2 1 41
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 57.3% 3.3% 0.9% 11.4% 6.3% 0.0% 77.8% 0.3% 0.1% 4.9%

2-year for-profit institutions

Group and yearTotalFemaleAmerican Indian or Alaska NativeAsianBlackHispanicNative Hawaiian or Pacific IslanderWhite2 or more racesNonresident aliensRace unknown
New managers, fall 2016 359 179 2 9 74 40 2 217 6 0 9
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 49.9% 0.6% 2.6% 21.1% 11.4% 0.6% 62.0% 1.7% 0.0% 2.5%
New managers, fall 2013 185 106 1 7 41 22 0 97 2 0 15
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 57.3% 0.6% 4.1% 24.1% 12.9% 0.0% 57.1% 1.2% 0.0% 8.1%
All managers, fall 2016 3,210 1,929 14 110 557 325 9 1,992 74 0 129
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 60.1% 0.5% 3.6% 18.1% 10.5% 0.3% 64.7% 2.4% 0.0% 4.0%
All managers, fall 2013 3,382 1,975 20 101 506 287 7 2,239 43 2 177
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 58.4% 0.6% 3.2% 15.8% 9.0% 0.2% 69.9% 1.3% 0.1% 5.2%

All institutions

Group and yearTotalFemaleAmerican Indian or Alaska NativeAsianBlackHispanicNative Hawaiian or Pacific IslanderWhite2 or more racesNonresident aliensRace unknown
New managers, fall 2016 18,375 10,141 85 858 2,453 1,114 45 12,433 239 128 1,020
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 55.2% 0.5% 5.0% 14.2% 6.5% 0.3% 72.2% 1.4% 0.7% 5.6%
New managers, fall 2013 8,905 4,618 34 346 1,066 494 13 6,315 86 68 483
Percentage of all new managers 100.0% 51.9% 0.4% 4.1% 12.8% 5.9% 0.2% 75.6% 1.0% 0.8% 5.4%
All managers, fall 2016 254,979 142,998 1,275 10,083 25,553 14,925 361 193,290 2,562 1,066 5,864
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 56.1% 0.5% 4.1% 10.3% 6.0% 0.1% 77.9% 1.0% 0.4% 2.3%
All managers, fall 2013 242,335 133,146 1,218 8,401 23,532 12,304 291 188,729 1,762 1,126 4,972
Percentage of all managers 100.0% 54.9% 0.5% 3.6% 10.0% 5.2% 0.1% 79.9% 0.7% 0.5% 2.1%

Note: This table includes managers at two-year and four-year degree-granting institutions in the United States that are eligible to receive Title IV federal financial aid. Percentages of nonresident aliens and people whose race or ethnicity was unknown are of the total for each group, but percentages of the seven racial or ethnic groups were calculated by dividing them into the total, minus the numbers of nonresident aliens and people whose race was unknown. “Hispanic” managers may be of any race. “New managers” for the fall of 2016 consist of full-time managers who were hired from November 1, 2015, to October 31, 2016. “New managers” for the fall of 2013 consist of people hired full time from November 1, 2012, to October 31, 2013. “All managers” include both full-time and part-time people at that level. “Managers” include higher-education administrators like presidents, vice presidents, deans, directors, and department chairs (including assistants and associates for those titles) as long as their principal activity is administrative and not primarily instruction, research, or public service. The group also includes managers of administrative services, computer and information systems, finances, human resources, marketing, public relations, operations, and other services, and assistant and associate managers who spent more than 80 percent of their time performing supervisory activities. Fall 2013 is the earliest time period for which comparable data were available. Questions or comments on the Almanac should be sent to the Almanac editor.

Source: Chronicle analysis of U.S. Department of Education data

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A version of this article appeared in the August 24, 2018, issue.
Read other items in this The Profession: Almanac 2018 package.
We welcome your thoughts and questions about this article. Please email the editors or submit a letter for publication.
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