Texas: Almanac 2013

August 19, 2013

Almanac 2013 »

Texas

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Demographics
Faculty pay
Students
Diversity
Finance
Colleges and universities

	Texas	Nation

Demographics

Population
	Texas	Nation
Total (State rank: 2)	25,674,681	311,591,919

Age distribution
Age range	Texas	Nation
Up to 4	7.6%	6.4%
5 to 14	15.1%	13.2%
15 to 19	7.4%	7.0%
20 to 24	7.3%	7.1%
25 to 44	28.0%	26.4%
45 to 64	24.0%	26.5%
65 and older	10.6%	13.2%

Racial and ethnic distribution
Race or ethnicity	Texas	Nation
American Indian	0.5%	0.8%
Asian	3.9%	4.8%
Black	11.7%	12.6%
Pacific Islander	0.1%	0.2%
White	74.6%	74.1%
More than one race	2.3%	2.8%
Hispanic (may be any race)	38.1%	16.7%
Other	6.9%	4.7%

Educational attainment of adults (highest level)
Level	Texas	Nation
8th grade or less	9.5%	6.0%
Some high school, no diploma	9.4%	8.1%
High-school diploma	25.5%	28.4%
Some college, no degree	22.6%	21.2%
Associate degree	6.5%	7.8%
Bachelor’s degree	17.7%	17.9%
Master’s degree	6.2%	7.5%
Doctoral degree	1.0%	1.2%
Professional degree	1.5%	1.9%

Proportion who speak a language other than English at home
	Texas	Nation
	34.7%	20.8%

Per capita personal income
	Texas	Nation
(State rank: 26)	$41,471	$42,693

Poverty rate
	Texas	Nation
	18.5%	15.9%

New high-school graduates
Estimate	Texas	Nation
Total for 2013-14	288,555	3,219,207
Projected change from 2013-14 to 2023-24	24.1%	7.9%

New GED diploma recipients
	Texas	Nation
	29,938	401,388

High-school dropout rate
	Texas	Nation
	5.9%	4.9%

Faculty pay

Average pay of full-time professors

Public doctoral institutions
Academic rank	Texas	Nation
Professor	$119,979	$118,822
Associate professor	$80,363	$81,373
Assistant professor	$71,886	$70,325
All	$83,049	$85,690

Public master’s institutions
Academic rank	Texas	Nation
Professor	$82,924	$89,076
Associate professor	$66,893	$71,297
Assistant professor	$59,682	$60,506
All	$62,358	$69,025

Private nonprofit doctoral institutions
Academic rank	Texas	Nation
Professor	$132,906	$152,042
Associate professor	$89,941	$95,762
Assistant professor	$79,583	$82,983
All	$93,229	$108,803

Private nonprofit master’s institutions
Academic rank	Texas	Nation
Professor	$86,580	$91,161
Associate professor	$67,632	$71,963
Assistant professor	$56,466	$58,901
All	$68,223	$69,941

Other 4-year institutions
Control	Texas	Nation
Public	$56,777	$61,265
Private nonprofit	$63,598	$68,804

2-year colleges
Control	Texas	Nation
Public	$53,639	$62,568
Private nonprofit	$32,983	$48,969

Students

Enrollment
Group	Texas	Nation
Undergraduate	1,387,140	18,047,249
Graduate and professional	177,247	2,931,076
At public 4-year institutions	638,296	8,033,071
At public 2-year institutions	728,709	7,062,467
At private 4-year institutions, nonprofit	131,137	3,887,322
At private 2-year institutions, nonprofit	4,562	39,553
At private 4-year institutions, for-profit	31,797	1,559,080
At private 2-year institutions, for-profit	29,886	396,832
Total	1,564,387	20,978,325

Share of enrollment
Institution type	Texas	Nation
Public	87%	72%
4-year	51%	64%
2-year	49%	36%

Degrees awarded
Level	Texas	Nation
Associate	58,609	942,217
Bachelor’s	107,438	1,712,538
Master’s	42,039	730,635
Doctorate	9,705	163,715

Residence of new students

State

State residents made up 95% of all freshmen enrolled in Texas in the fall of 2010 who had graduated from high school in the previous year; 88% of all Texas residents who were freshmen attended college in their home state.

Nation

82% of all freshmen in the fall of 2010 who had graduated from high school in the previous year attended colleges in their home states.

Graduation rates at 4-year institutions
Gender, race or ethnicity	Texas	Nation
All	51.7%	59.0%
Men	48.1%	56.4%
Women	54.8%	61.2%
American Indian	44.5%	40.6%
Asian	62.7%	69.7%
Black	31.8%	40.2%
Hispanic	43.3%	51.4%
White	59.2%	62.3%
2 or more races	69.1%	64.0%
Race unknown	35.6%	56.0%

Diversity

Enrollment by race, ethnicity, and citizenship status
Race, ethnicity, or citizenship status	Texas	Nation
American Indian	7,625	174,629
Asian	79,293	1,133,719
Black	213,686	2,840,259
Pacific Islander	2,468	61,179
Hispanic	482,975	2,695,637
White	655,432	11,519,372
2 or more races	22,251	405,812
Race unknown	45,618	1,409,094
Foreign	55,039	738,624
Total	1,564,387	20,978,325

Share of enrollment
Group	Texas	Nation
Women	56.7%	57.0%
American Indian	0.5%	0.8%
Asian	5.1%	5.4%
Black	13.7%	13.5%
Pacific Islander	0.2%	0.3%
Hispanic	30.9%	12.8%
White	41.9%	54.9%
2 or more races	1.4%	1.9%
Race unknown	2.9%	6.7%
Foreign	3.5%	3.5%
Minority	51.7%	34.9%
Underrepresented minority	45.0%	27.2%
Full-time	53.7%	61.9%

Test scores

State

Students averaged 20.8 on the ACT, which was taken by an estimated 39% of Texas’ high-school seniors. Students averaged 973 on the SAT, which was taken by an estimated 62% of Texas’ high-school seniors.

Nation

Students averaged 21.1 on the ACT and 1010 on the SAT.

Finance

Average tuition and fees
Institution type	Texas	Nation
Public 4-year	$6,644	$7,087
Public 2-year	$1,580	$2,419
Private 4-year	$24,545	$26,165

State funds for higher-education operating expenses
	Texas	Nation
State funds	$6,425,707,479	$71,966,406,875
One-year change	-0.6%	-0.4%

State spending on student aid
Aid type	Texas	Nation
Need-based grants	$658,997,241	$6,954,307,090
Non-need-based grants	$0	$2,444,876,754
Nongrant aid	$165,950,153	$1,737,198,826
Total	$824,947,394	$11,136,382,670

Spending on research and development by colleges and universities
	Texas	Nation
Total	$4,661,517,000	$65,073,411,000
One-year change	5.6%	6.3%

Sources of financing
Source	Texas	Nation
Federal government	49.9%	62.6%
State and local governments	15.1%	5.9%
Industry	6.1%	4.9%
Nonprofit	8.4%	5.9%
Institution itself	19.0%	19.1%
Other	1.5%	1.6%

Share for specific research fields
Field	Texas	Nation
Engineering	15.8%	15.4%
Environmental sciences	5.7%	4.9%
Life sciences	59.3%	57.2%
Math and computer sciences	4.4%	3.6%
Physical sciences	5.8%	7.3%
Psychology	1.4%	1.7%
Social sciences	1.7%	3.1%
Other sciences	0.8%	1.7%
Fields other than science and engineering	5.0%	4.9%

Largest endowment
Institution	Texas
University of Texas system	$18,263,850,000

Top fund raisers (among survey participants)
Institution	Texas
University of Texas at Austin	$258,307,842
University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center	$186,667,252
Texas A&M University at College Station	$180,886,344

Colleges and universities

Number of institutions
Institution type	Texas	Nation
Public 4-year	45	679
Public 2-year	63	972
Private 4-year, nonprofit	54	1,557
Private 2-year, nonprofit	9	100
Private 4-year, for-profit	37	735
Private 2-year, for-profit	52	669
Total	260	4,712

3 largest institutions by enrollment
Institution	Texas
The University of Texas at Austin	46,823
Texas A & M University-College Station	44,462
University of Houston	28,837

Institutions censured or sanctioned by the AAUP

Frank Phillips College, University of Texas Medical Branch

Institutions on NCAA probation

Baylor University, Texas A&M International University, Texas Southern University

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Almanac 2013 »

Texas

Choose a section »

Demographics
Faculty pay
Students
Diversity
Finance
Colleges and universities

	Texas	Nation

Demographics

Population
	Texas	Nation
Total (State rank: 2)	25,674,681	311,591,919

Age distribution
Age range	Texas	Nation
Up to 4	7.6%	6.4%
5 to 14	15.1%	13.2%
15 to 19	7.4%	7.0%
20 to 24	7.3%	7.1%
25 to 44	28.0%	26.4%
45 to 64	24.0%	26.5%
65 and older	10.6%	13.2%

Racial and ethnic distribution
Race or ethnicity	Texas	Nation
American Indian	0.5%	0.8%
Asian	3.9%	4.8%
Black	11.7%	12.6%
Pacific Islander	0.1%	0.2%
White	74.6%	74.1%
More than one race	2.3%	2.8%
Hispanic (may be any race)	38.1%	16.7%
Other	6.9%	4.7%

Educational attainment of adults (highest level)
Level	Texas	Nation
8th grade or less	9.5%	6.0%
Some high school, no diploma	9.4%	8.1%
High-school diploma	25.5%	28.4%
Some college, no degree	22.6%	21.2%
Associate degree	6.5%	7.8%
Bachelor’s degree	17.7%	17.9%
Master’s degree	6.2%	7.5%
Doctoral degree	1.0%	1.2%
Professional degree	1.5%	1.9%

Proportion who speak a language other than English at home
	Texas	Nation
	34.7%	20.8%

Per capita personal income
	Texas	Nation
(State rank: 26)	$41,471	$42,693

Poverty rate
	Texas	Nation
	18.5%	15.9%

New high-school graduates
Estimate	Texas	Nation
Total for 2013-14	288,555	3,219,207
Projected change from 2013-14 to 2023-24	24.1%	7.9%

New GED diploma recipients
	Texas	Nation
	29,938	401,388

High-school dropout rate
	Texas	Nation
	5.9%	4.9%

Faculty pay

Average pay of full-time professors

Public doctoral institutions
Academic rank	Texas	Nation
Professor	$119,979	$118,822
Associate professor	$80,363	$81,373
Assistant professor	$71,886	$70,325
All	$83,049	$85,690

Public master’s institutions
Academic rank	Texas	Nation
Professor	$82,924	$89,076
Associate professor	$66,893	$71,297
Assistant professor	$59,682	$60,506
All	$62,358	$69,025

Private nonprofit doctoral institutions
Academic rank	Texas	Nation
Professor	$132,906	$152,042
Associate professor	$89,941	$95,762
Assistant professor	$79,583	$82,983
All	$93,229	$108,803

Private nonprofit master’s institutions
Academic rank	Texas	Nation
Professor	$86,580	$91,161
Associate professor	$67,632	$71,963
Assistant professor	$56,466	$58,901
All	$68,223	$69,941

Other 4-year institutions
Control	Texas	Nation
Public	$56,777	$61,265
Private nonprofit	$63,598	$68,804

2-year colleges
Control	Texas	Nation
Public	$53,639	$62,568
Private nonprofit	$32,983	$48,969

Students

Enrollment
Group	Texas	Nation
Undergraduate	1,387,140	18,047,249
Graduate and professional	177,247	2,931,076
At public 4-year institutions	638,296	8,033,071
At public 2-year institutions	728,709	7,062,467
At private 4-year institutions, nonprofit	131,137	3,887,322
At private 2-year institutions, nonprofit	4,562	39,553
At private 4-year institutions, for-profit	31,797	1,559,080
At private 2-year institutions, for-profit	29,886	396,832
Total	1,564,387	20,978,325

Share of enrollment
Institution type	Texas	Nation
Public	87%	72%
4-year	51%	64%
2-year	49%	36%

Degrees awarded
Level	Texas	Nation
Associate	58,609	942,217
Bachelor’s	107,438	1,712,538
Master’s	42,039	730,635
Doctorate	9,705	163,715

Residence of new students

State

Nation

82% of all freshmen in the fall of 2010 who had graduated from high school in the previous year attended colleges in their home states.

Graduation rates at 4-year institutions
Gender, race or ethnicity	Texas	Nation
All	51.7%	59.0%
Men	48.1%	56.4%
Women	54.8%	61.2%
American Indian	44.5%	40.6%
Asian	62.7%	69.7%
Black	31.8%	40.2%
Hispanic	43.3%	51.4%
White	59.2%	62.3%
2 or more races	69.1%	64.0%
Race unknown	35.6%	56.0%

Diversity

Enrollment by race, ethnicity, and citizenship status
Race, ethnicity, or citizenship status	Texas	Nation
American Indian	7,625	174,629
Asian	79,293	1,133,719
Black	213,686	2,840,259
Pacific Islander	2,468	61,179
Hispanic	482,975	2,695,637
White	655,432	11,519,372
2 or more races	22,251	405,812
Race unknown	45,618	1,409,094
Foreign	55,039	738,624
Total	1,564,387	20,978,325

Share of enrollment
Group	Texas	Nation
Women	56.7%	57.0%
American Indian	0.5%	0.8%
Asian	5.1%	5.4%
Black	13.7%	13.5%
Pacific Islander	0.2%	0.3%
Hispanic	30.9%	12.8%
White	41.9%	54.9%
2 or more races	1.4%	1.9%
Race unknown	2.9%	6.7%
Foreign	3.5%	3.5%
Minority	51.7%	34.9%
Underrepresented minority	45.0%	27.2%
Full-time	53.7%	61.9%

Test scores

State

Nation

Students averaged 21.1 on the ACT and 1010 on the SAT.

Finance

Average tuition and fees
Institution type	Texas	Nation
Public 4-year	$6,644	$7,087
Public 2-year	$1,580	$2,419
Private 4-year	$24,545	$26,165

State funds for higher-education operating expenses
	Texas	Nation
State funds	$6,425,707,479	$71,966,406,875
One-year change	-0.6%	-0.4%

State spending on student aid
Aid type	Texas	Nation
Need-based grants	$658,997,241	$6,954,307,090
Non-need-based grants	$0	$2,444,876,754
Nongrant aid	$165,950,153	$1,737,198,826
Total	$824,947,394	$11,136,382,670

Spending on research and development by colleges and universities
	Texas	Nation
Total	$4,661,517,000	$65,073,411,000
One-year change	5.6%	6.3%

Sources of financing
Source	Texas	Nation
Federal government	49.9%	62.6%
State and local governments	15.1%	5.9%
Industry	6.1%	4.9%
Nonprofit	8.4%	5.9%
Institution itself	19.0%	19.1%
Other	1.5%	1.6%

Share for specific research fields
Field	Texas	Nation
Engineering	15.8%	15.4%
Environmental sciences	5.7%	4.9%
Life sciences	59.3%	57.2%
Math and computer sciences	4.4%	3.6%
Physical sciences	5.8%	7.3%
Psychology	1.4%	1.7%
Social sciences	1.7%	3.1%
Other sciences	0.8%	1.7%
Fields other than science and engineering	5.0%	4.9%

Largest endowment
Institution	Texas
University of Texas system	$18,263,850,000

Top fund raisers (among survey participants)
Institution	Texas
University of Texas at Austin	$258,307,842
University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center	$186,667,252
Texas A&M University at College Station	$180,886,344

Colleges and universities

Number of institutions
Institution type	Texas	Nation
Public 4-year	45	679
Public 2-year	63	972
Private 4-year, nonprofit	54	1,557
Private 2-year, nonprofit	9	100
Private 4-year, for-profit	37	735
Private 2-year, for-profit	52	669
Total	260	4,712

3 largest institutions by enrollment
Institution	Texas
The University of Texas at Austin	46,823
Texas A & M University-College Station	44,462
University of Houston	28,837

Institutions censured or sanctioned by the AAUP

Frank Phillips College, University of Texas Medical Branch

Institutions on NCAA probation

Baylor University, Texas A&M International University, Texas Southern University

Note: See Sources & Notes for details about the data.

Correction (9/24/2014): All tables in the 2013 Almanac’s States section have been updated to make them more comparable to ones published in other years. The data are now limited to degree-granting institutions that are eligible to receive Title IV federal financial aid, not all higher-education institutions. Administrative offices that were inadvertently counted as institutions in the original version of the tables have been omitted from the total number of institutions in each state. Figures for tuition and fees, which had incorrectly excluded fees, now reflect both tuition and fees. The three largest institutions by enrollment give figures for full-time students in fall 2011, not an unduplicated head count of all undergraduate and graduate students enrolled over a 12-month period for 2010-11.