Cancer research is expensive. Here are the price tags.
Research Expenses
Text by Jennifer Ruark, photographs by Ash Ponders, video by Ash Ponders and Michael Theis, interactive by Ron CoddingtonJuly 3, 2025
Andrew P. CapaldiAsh Ponders for Chronicle
Ten years ago, biologists who wanted to figure out how cancers grow could measure the signaling inside cells, one protein at a time. Today, they can measure 20,000 proteins at once. They do that with mass-spectrometry machines, two of which can be found at the University of Arizona. Each costs $800,000.
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Ten years ago, biologists who wanted to figure out how cancers grow could measure the signaling inside cells, one protein at a time. Today, they can measure 20,000 proteins at once. They do that with mass-spectrometry machines, two of which can be found at the University of Arizona. Each costs $800,000.
“These instruments are incredibly expensive and hard to run,” says Andrew P. Capaldi, a professor of molecular and cellular biology who is among the researchers who use them. “They break down all the time” — so his lab also pays $65,000 a year for each of two service contracts. The machines, which are almost 10 years old, run nearly 24 hours a day. They will soon need to be replaced.
Those costs don’t account for even half of the expensive equipment that’s essential for Capaldi’s research. It’s all at risk, thanks to disruptions in support from the National Institutes of Health that forced Capaldi in February to suspend his most important experiments. In the spring, the university bridged the gap with an internal fund. On July 1, Capaldi’s five-year, $3.4-million NIH grant came through.
Still uncertain: Whether the NIH will cap its reimbursement of indirect costs at 15 percent — a huge drop from the 53-percent rate that the university now enjoys. The lab also relies on NIH money for the lion’s share of labor costs, which include a lab technician, several doctoral students, and three undergraduates. If Congress passes Trump’s proposed cut to the agency’s budget, of nearly 40 percent, Capaldi and everyone with an NIH grant will feel the pinch.
In June, Capaldi walked us through his lab to describe many of the other costs of doing his research.
Interactive Grid
Hover or tap an image for cost, funding, and what it does
Modified Mass Spectrometers (2)
Purpose: Characterize molecules (used in over 100 labs)
Cost: $800,000 each (in 2015); $65,000/year for service; over $1.5 million for replacement
Funding: Indirect-cost reimbursement
Kinase Assay Kit
Purpose: Measures protein-enzyme activity
Cost: $550
Funding: NIH grant
Autoclave
Purpose: Sterilizes the medium in which cells are grown
Cost: $50,000
Funding: Originally via indirect-cost reimbursement; replacement by donor