Two Southeastern states have taken different directions on access: One has reined in tuition. The other state let it grow.

Women’s pay was closest to men’s in the position with the lowest female representation: top executive.

Of the more than 900,000 faculty members in the U.S. without tenure status, nearly half were on contracts of less than a year’s duration.

Women made up about a quarter of professors at doctoral institutions with the highest and higher research activity, and a third elsewhere.

Nearly half of the instructional staff employed at American institutions of higher education worked at doctoral universities.

Nearly two-thirds of nonresident-alien employees were tenured faculty members at the University of Kentucky and Reed College.

The head of a campus museum had the greatest median salary at four-year institutions, and a Level-1 library cataloger had the lowest.

Deans of medicine, dentistry, and law earned the highest median pay.

Overall percentage pay increases for administrators have exceeded the inflation rate for the past five years.

Only a third of faculty members at all colleges were tenured or on the tenure track in the fall of 2015.

Both Asians and nonresident aliens were most highly represented in the occupational category “graduate assistants.”

The most highly compensated chief executive earned $5.5 million. Most of that came from a deferred payout.

Public institutions paid professors in the health professions more, on average, than private nonprofit institutions did.

Instructors at private, independent institutions got the highest increase, followed by instructors at public institutions.

In two of the three executive positions in which women’s median salaries exceeded men’s, female representation was relatively low.

Two-year and four-year for-profit institutions paid higher average salaries than completely distance-education institutions in other sectors did.

Average salaries at most institutions were below $50,000.

In just one such executive post did racial and ethnic minorities represent more than 20 percent of job holders.

The largest occupational category was office and administrative support, representing more than 20 percent of such employees.

Just under half of the full-time instructional staff at tribal and historically black colleges were female.

Salaries were highest among professors at institutions that mainly served traditional full-time, degree-seeking students.

Nearly two-thirds of college presidents who worked their way up within higher education were previously provosts.

Over five years, the proportion of presidents who were members of minority groups climbed by about four percentage points.

Women were underrepresented in computer science, earning only about 20 percent of the associate, bachelor’s, or doctoral degrees in the field.

On average, public doctoral institutions had at least twice the enrollment of any other type of institution.

Graduation rates for all of the top 20 four-year private nonprofit colleges were above 90 percent, compared with six above 90 percent for the top 20 four-year public institutions.

Doctorate recipients in the physical sciences finished their degrees in the shortest period of time and at the youngest median age.

Doctoral universities and associate colleges each enroll almost a third of all students.

Women accumulated more debt than men at every level of higher education.

More than a quarter of all undergraduate students in the United States were 25 or older in the fall of 2015.

The share of undergraduate students who were 25 and older has dropped since 2011, and has fallen even more significantly since the 1990s.

Five colleges on the list relied on tuition for more than half of their revenue.

The 30 universities with the largest share of first-year Pell Grant recipients were all in the public sector.

The market value of Harvard University’s endowment dropped by nearly $2 billion in a year, but it is still far larger than any other university’s endowment.

Almost all of the top fund raisers were doctoral universities with the highest research activity.

Eleven institutions with the highest charges for state residents were in Pennsylvania, and 10 were in New Jersey.

Among the 100 most expensive colleges, 64 charged tuition and fees exceeding $50,000.

Discount rates grew by more than 11 percentage points for first-time, full-time freshmen.

Nearly two-thirds of expenditures at four-year for-profit institutions went to student services, and academic and institutional support.

Higher-education institutions spent nearly $68.7 billion on research and development in the 2015 fiscal year.